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Ported half of the documentation
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Matthias Richter
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<title>hump - LÖVE Helper Utilities for More Productivity</title>
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<title>vrld/hump @ GitHub</title>
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<body>
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<a href="http://github.com/vrld/hump"><img style="position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; border: 0;" src="http://s3.amazonaws.com/github/ribbons/forkme_right_darkblue_121621.png" alt="Fork me on GitHub" /></a>
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<a href="http://github.com/vrld/hump"><img style="position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; border: 0;" src="http://s3.amazonaws.com/github/ribbons/forkme_right_darkblue_121621.png" alt="Fork me on GitHub" /></a>
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<a href="http://github.com/vrld/hump/zipball/master">
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<img border="0" width="90" src="http://github.com/images/modules/download/zip.png"></a>
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</div>
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<h1><a href="http://github.com/vrld/hump">hump</a>
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<h1><a href="http://github.com/vrld/hump">hump</a>
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<span class="small">by <a href="http://github.com/vrld">vrld</a></span></h1>
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<span class="small"> Helper Utilities for More Productivity</span></h1>
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<div class="description">
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<ul class="nav">
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LÖVE Helper Utilities for Massive Progression
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<li><a href="#intro">Introduction</a></li>
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<li><a href="#doc">Documenation</a></li>
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<li><a href="#license">License</a></li>
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<li><a href="#download">Download</a></li>
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</ul>
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<a name="intro"></a>
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<h2>Introduction<a class="top" href="#top">^ top</a></h2>
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<p><em>Helper Utilities for a Multitude of Problems</em> is a set of lightweight helpers
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for the excellent <a href="http://love2d.org/">LÖVE</a> Engine.</p>
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<p>It currently features
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<ul>
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<li><em>vector.lua</em>: a mature vector type,</li>
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<li><em>class.lua</em>: a simple and easy class system with function inheritance,</li>
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<li><em>camera.lua</em>: a translate-, zoom- and rotatable camera and</li>
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<li><em>gamestate.lua</em>: a gamestate system.</li>
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</ul></p>
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<p><em>hump</em> differs from other libraries in that every component is independent of the
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remaining ones (apart from camera.lua, which depends on the vector type).
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<em>hump</em>'s footprint is very small and thus should fit nicely into your projects.</p>
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<a name="doc"></a>
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<h2>Documentation<a class="top" href="#top">^ top</a></h2>
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Below is the documentation of the various modules. You can directly jump to a
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module by clicking these:
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#vector.lua">vector.lua</a></li>
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<li><a href="#class.lua">class.lua</a></li>
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<li><a href="#camera.lua">camera.lua</a></li>
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<li><a href="#gamestate.lua">gamestate.lua</a></li>
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</ul>
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<div class="module">
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<a name="vector.lua"></a>
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<h3>vector.lua<a class="top" href="#doc">^ top</a></h3>
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<p>A vector class implementing everything you want to do with vectors, and some more.</p>
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<p>Overview (click item for more details):
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<table class="functionlist">
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<tr><td><a href="#vector.lua-vector">vector(x,y)</a></td><td>constructor</td></tr>
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<tr><td><a href="#vector.lua-isvector">isvector(v)</a></td><td>type check</td></tr>
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<tr><td><a href="#vector.lua-clone">Vector:clone()</a></td><td>deep copy</td></tr>
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<tr><td><a href="#vector.lua-unpack">Vector:unpack()</a></td><td>element unfolding</td></tr>
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<tr><td><a href="#vector.lua-operators">Operators</a></td><td>Arithmetics and ordering</td></tr>
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<tr><td><a href="#vector.lua-permul">vector:permul(other)</a></td><td>per-element multiplication</td></tr>
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<tr><td><a href="#vector.lua-len">vector:len()</a></td><td>vector length</td></tr>
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<tr><td><a href="#vector.lua-len2">vector:len2()</a></td><td>squared vector length</td></tr>
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<tr><td><a href="#vector.lua-dist">vector:dist(other)</a></td><td>distance to vector</td></tr>
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<tr><td><a href="#vector.lua-normalized">vector:normalized()</a></td><td>normalize vector</td></tr>
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<tr><td><a href="#vector.lua-normalize_inplace">vector:normalize_inplace()</a></td><td>normalize vector in-place</td></tr>
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<tr><td><a href="#vector.lua-rotated">Vector:rotated(phi)</a></td><td>rotate vector</td></tr>
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<tr><td><a href="#vector.lua-rotate_inplace">Vector:rotate_inplace(phi)</a></td><td>rotate vector in-place</td></tr>
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</table></p>
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<a name="vector.lua-vector"></a>
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<div class="doc"><span class="function">function vector(x,y)<a class="top" href="#vector.lua">^ top</a></span>
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Creates a new vector. Element access with <code>v.x</code> and <code>v.y</code>.
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<table>
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<tr><th>Parameters:</th><td><em>[number]</em><code>x</code>:</td><td>x coordinate</td></tr>
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<tr><td> </td><td><em>[number]</em><code>y</code>:</td><td>y coordinate</td></tr>
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<tr><th>Returns:</th><td colspan="2">the vector</td></tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h2>Authors</h2>
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<a name="vector.lua-isvector"></a>
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<p>vrld</p>
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<div class="doc"><span class="function">function isvector(v)<a class="top" href="#vector.lua">^ top</a></span>
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Tests for vector type.
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<table>
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<tr><th>Parameters:</th><td><code>v</code></td><td>variable to test</td></tr>
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<tr><th>Returns:</th><td colspan="2"><code>true</code> if <code>v</code> is a vector</td></tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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<a name="vector.lua-clone"></a>
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<div class="doc"><span class="function">function vector:clone()<a class="top" href="#vector.lua">^ top</a></span>
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Clones a vector. Use when you do not want to create references.
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<table>
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<tr><th>Returns:</th><td colspan="2">New vector with the same coordinates.</td></tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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<a name="vector.lua-unpack"></a>
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<div class="doc"><span class="function">function vector:unpack()<a class="top" href="#vector.lua">^ top</a></span>
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Unpacks the vector.
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<table>
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<tr><th>Returns:</th><td colspan="2">the coordinate tuple <code>x, y</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th colspan="3">Example:</th></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="3"><pre>v = vector(1,2)
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print(v:unpack()) -- prints "1 2"</pre></td></tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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<a name="vector.lua-operators"></a>
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<div class="doc"><span class="function">Operators<a class="top" href="#vector.lua">^ top</a></span>
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<p>Arithmetic (<code>+</code>, <code>-</code>, <code>*</code>, <code>/</code>) and
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comparative operators (<code>==</code>, <code><=</code>, <code><</code>) are defined:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><code>+</code> and <code>-</code> <em>only</em> work on vectors. <code>-</code> is also
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the unary minus (e.g. <code>print(-vector(1,2)) -- prints (-1,-2)</code>)</li>
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<li><code>a * b</code> works on vectors and numbers:<ul>
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<li>If <code>a</code> is a number and <code>b</code> is a vector (or vice versa),
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the result the scalar multiplication.</li>
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<li>If <code>a</code> and <code>b</code> both are vectors, then the result is the
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<em>dot product</em>.</li></ul></li>
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<li><code>a / b</code> is only defined for <code>a</code> being a vector and <code>b</code>
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being a number. Same as <code>a * 1/b</code>.</li>
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</ul>
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<p><code><=</code> and <code><</code> sort lexically, i.e. <code>a < b</code>
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is true if it holds: <code>a.x < b.x</code> or <code>a.y < b.y</code> if
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<code>a.x == b.x</code></p>
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</div>
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<a name="vector.lua-permul"></a>
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<div class="doc"><span class="function">function vector:permul(other)<a class="top" href="#vector.lua">^ top</a></span>
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Perform element-wise multiplication.
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</div>
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<a name="vector.lua-len"></a>
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<div class="doc"><span class="function">function vector:len()<a class="top" href="#vector.lua">^ top</a></span>
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Get length of vector.
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</div>
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|
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<a name="vector.lua-len2"></a>
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<div class="doc"><span class="function">function vector:len2()<a class="top" href="#vector.lua">^ top</a></span>
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Get squared length.
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</div>
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<a name="vector.lua-dist"></a>
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<div class="doc"><span class="function">function vector:dist(other)<a class="top" href="#vector.lua">^ top</a></span>
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Get distance to other vector.
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<table><tr><th>Example:</th></tr>
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<tr><td><pre>a,b = vector(0,1), vector(1,0)
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print(a:dist(b)) -- prints 1.4142135623731</pre></td></tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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<a name="vector.lua-normalized"></a>
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<div class="doc"><span class="function">function vector:normalized()<a class="top" href="#vector.lua">^ top</a></span>
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Get normalized vector. The original vector remains unchanged.
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|
</div>
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<a name="vector.lua-normalize_inplace"></a>
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<div class="doc"><span class="function">function vector:normalize_inplace()<a class="top" href="#vector.lua">^ top</a></span>
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Normalize vector and return it.
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<p><strong>Warning:</strong> This will change the state of all references to this vector.</p>
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</div>
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<a name="vector.lua-rotated"></a>
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<div class="doc"><span class="function">function vector:rotated(phi)<a class="top" href="#vector.lua">^ top</a></span>
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Get rotated vector. The original vector remains unchanged.
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<table>
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<tr><th>Parameters:</th><td><em>[number]</em><code>phi</code>:</td><td>Rotation angle in radians.</td></tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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<a name="vector.lua-rotate_inplace"></a>
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<div class="doc"><span class="function">function vector:rotate_inplace(phi)<a class="top" href="#vector.lua">^ top</a></span>
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|
Rotate the vector and return it.
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|
<p><strong>Warning:</strong> This will change the state of all references to this vector.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h2>Download</h2>
|
<div class="module">
|
||||||
<p>
|
<a name="class.lua"></a>
|
||||||
You can download this project in either
|
<h3>class.lua<a class="top" href="#doc">^ top</a></h3>
|
||||||
|
<p>class.lua provides a simple and easy to use class system. Albeit it's
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|
limitations, class.lua offers multiple inheritance and minimal
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|
reflection capabilities. Note that only methods will be inherited
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and runtime changes of a superclass won't affect subclasses.</p>
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<p>The module only consists of three functions:
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<table class="functionlist">
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|
<tr><td><a href="#class.lua-Class">Class(constructor)</a></td><td>define class</td></tr>
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<tr><td><a href="#class.lua-Class2">Class{name = name, constructor}</a></td><td>define named class</td></tr>
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||||||
|
<tr><td><a href="#class.lua-Interface">Interface(name)</a></td><td>define interface</td></tr>
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<tr><td><a href="#class.lua-Inherit">Inherit(class, super, ...)</a></td><td>subclassing</td></tr>
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|
</table></p>
|
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|
<p>For an example, <a href="#class.lua-Example">see below</a>. Also be sure to read the
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||||||
|
<a href="#class.lua-Warning">warning</a> regarding metamethods.</p>
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||||||
|
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||||||
|
<a name="class.lua-Class"></a>
|
||||||
|
<div class="doc"><span class="function">function Class(constructor)<a class="top" href="#class.lua">^ top</a></span>
|
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|
Creates a new unnamed class.
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||||||
|
<table>
|
||||||
|
<tr><th>Parameters:</th><td><em>[optional function]</em><code>constructor</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td>A function used to construct the class. The first parameter of this function
|
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|
is the object, the others are parameters given upon construction.</td></tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr><th>Returns:</th><td colspan="2">the new class</td></tr>
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|
<tr><th colspan="3">Example</th></tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr><td colspan="3"><pre>Feline = Class(function(self, size, weight)
|
||||||
|
self.size = size self.weight = weight
|
||||||
|
end)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
function Feline:stats()
|
||||||
|
return string.format("size: %.02f, weight %.02f", self.size, self.weight)
|
||||||
|
end
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
garfield = Feline(.7, 45)
|
||||||
|
felix = Feline(.8, 12)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print("Garfield: " .. garfield:stats(), "Felix: " .. felix:stats())</pre></td></tr>
|
||||||
|
</table>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<a name="class.lua-Class2"></a>
|
||||||
|
<div class="doc"><span class="function">function Class{name = name, constructor}<a class="top" href="#class.lua">^ top</a></span>
|
||||||
|
Create a named class, i.e. define a <code>__tostring</code> metamethod. Parameters are the same as above.
|
||||||
|
Great for debugging. Both <code>name</code> and <code>constructor</code> can be omitted (but why would you want to?)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<table><tr><th>Example:</th></tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr><td><pre>Feline = Class{name = "Feline", function(self, size, weight)
|
||||||
|
self.size = size self.weight = weight
|
||||||
|
end}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print(Feline) -- prints 'Feline'</pre></td></tr>
|
||||||
|
</table>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<a name="class.lua-Interface"></a>
|
||||||
|
<div class="doc"><span class="function">function Interface(name)<a class="top" href="#class.lua">^ top</a></span>
|
||||||
|
Shortcut to <code>Class{name = name}</code>, i.e. a possibly named class without constructor.
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<a name="class.lua-Interface"></a>
|
||||||
|
<div class="doc"><span class="function">function Inherit(class, super, ...)<a class="top" href="#class.lua">^ top</a></span>
|
||||||
|
Add functions of <code>super</code> to <code>class</code>. Multiple interfaces can be defined.
|
||||||
|
<p><code>super</code>'s constructor can be accessed via super.construct(self). See example below.</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<a name="class.lua-Example"></a>
|
||||||
|
<h4>Example usage</h4>
|
||||||
|
<div class="doc"><span class="function">Everybody loves cats!<a class="top" href="#class.lua">^ top</a></span>
|
||||||
|
<pre>Feline = Class{name = "Feline", function(self, size, weight)
|
||||||
|
self.size = size self.weight = weight
|
||||||
|
end}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
function Feline:stats()
|
||||||
|
return string.format("size: %.02f, weight %.02f", self.size, self.weight)
|
||||||
|
end
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
function Feline:speak() print("meow") end
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Cat = Class{name = "Cat", function(self, name, size, weight)
|
||||||
|
Feline.construct(self, size, weight)
|
||||||
|
self.name = name
|
||||||
|
end}
|
||||||
|
Inherit(Cat, Feline)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
function Cat:stats()
|
||||||
|
return string.format("name: %s, %s", self.name, Feline.stats(self))
|
||||||
|
end
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Tiger = Class{name = "tiger", function(self, size, weight)
|
||||||
|
Feline.construct(self, size, weight)
|
||||||
|
end}
|
||||||
|
Inherit(Tiger, Feline)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
function Tiger:speak() print("ROAR!") end
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
felix = Cat("Felix", .8, 12)
|
||||||
|
hobbes = Tiger(2.2, 68)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
print(felix:stats(), hobbes:stats())
|
||||||
|
felix:speak()
|
||||||
|
hobbes:speak()</pre>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<a name="class.lua-Warning"></a>
|
||||||
|
<h4>Warning</h4>
|
||||||
|
<div class="doc"><span class="function">Nothing is perfect<a class="top" href="#class.lua">^ top</a></span>
|
||||||
|
<p>Be careful when using metamethods like <code>__add</code> or <code>__mul</code>:
|
||||||
|
When subclass inherits those methods from a superclass, but does not overwrite
|
||||||
|
them, the result of the operation may be of the type superclass. Consider the following:</p>
|
||||||
|
<pre>A = Class(function(self, x) self.x = x end)
|
||||||
|
function A:__add(other) return A(self.x + other.x) end
|
||||||
|
function A:print() print("A:", self.x) end
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
B = Class(function(self, x, y) A.construct(self, x) self.y = y end)
|
||||||
|
Inherit(B, A)
|
||||||
|
function B:print() print("B:", self.x, self.y) end
|
||||||
|
function B:foo() print("foo") end
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
one, two = B(1,2), B(3,4)
|
||||||
|
result = one + two
|
||||||
|
result:print() -- prints "A: 4"
|
||||||
|
result:foo() -- error: method does not exist</pre>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="module">
|
||||||
|
<a name="camera.lua"></a>
|
||||||
|
<h3>camera.lua<a class="top" href="#doc">^ top</a></h3>
|
||||||
|
<em>Depends on <a href="#vector.lua">vector.lua</a></em>
|
||||||
|
<p>Camera object to display only a partial region of the game world. The region
|
||||||
|
can be zoomed and rotated. You can transform camera coordinates to world coordinated
|
||||||
|
(e.g. get the location of the mouse in the game world). It is possible to have
|
||||||
|
more than one camera per game.</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="module">
|
||||||
|
<a name="gamestate.lua"></a>
|
||||||
|
<h3>gamestate.lua<a class="top" href="#doc">^ top</a></h3>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<a name="license"></a>
|
||||||
|
<h2>License<a class="top" href="#top">^ top</a></h2>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<p>Yay, <em>free software</em>:</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<blockquote><p>Copyright (c) 2010 Matthias Richter</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
|
||||||
|
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
|
||||||
|
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
|
||||||
|
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
|
||||||
|
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
|
||||||
|
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<p>The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
|
||||||
|
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<p>Except as contained in this notice, the name(s) of the above copyright holders
|
||||||
|
shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or
|
||||||
|
other dealings in this Software without prior written authorization.</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<p>THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
|
||||||
|
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
|
||||||
|
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
|
||||||
|
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
|
||||||
|
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
|
||||||
|
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
|
||||||
|
THE SOFTWARE.</p></blockquote>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<a name="download"></a>
|
||||||
|
<h2>Download<a class="top" href="#top">^ top</a></h2>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<p>You can download this project in either
|
||||||
<a href="http://github.com/vrld/hump/zipball/master">zip</a> or
|
<a href="http://github.com/vrld/hump/zipball/master">zip</a> or
|
||||||
<a href="http://github.com/vrld/hump/tarball/master">tar</a> formats.
|
<a href="http://github.com/vrld/hump/tarball/master">tar</a> formats.</p>
|
||||||
</p>
|
<p>You can also clone the project with <a href="http://git-scm.com">Git</a> by running:
|
||||||
<p>You can also clone the project with <a href="http://git-scm.com">Git</a>
|
<pre>$ git clone git://github.com/vrld/hump</pre></p>
|
||||||
by running:
|
|
||||||
<pre>$ git clone git://github.com/vrld/hump</pre>
|
|
||||||
</p>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<div class="footer">
|
<div class="footer">
|
||||||
get the source code on GitHub : <a href="http://github.com/vrld/hump">vrld/hump</a>
|
get the source code on GitHub : <a href="http://github.com/vrld/hump">vrld/hump</a>
|
||||||
|
|||||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user