.lua-files/make-epub.lua

#!/usr/bin/env luajit

local help = [[Usage:

  make-epub.lua <config (JSON file)> [action]

[action]: If not specified, all steps will be taken in order (except clean*).
            download:  All pages will be downloaded to their own HTML files.
            convert:   Each page is converted to Markdown.
            concat:    A file is created for each section out of its pages.
            markdown:  Metadata frontmatter and Markdown section files will be
                       concatenated into a single Markdown file.
            epub:      Markdown file will be converted to an ePub using pandoc.
            cleanhtml: All HTML files will be deleted, along with their extra
                       directories.
            cleanall:  Deletes everything except the ePub.

Requirements:
- Lua libraries: htmlparser, dkjson (or compatible)
- Binaries:      pandoc, curl

For how to write a configuration and examples, see the .lua-files README:
  https://github.com/TangentFoxy/.lua-files#make-epublua
]]

local success, utility = pcall(function()
  return dofile((arg[0]:match("@?(.*/)") or arg[0]:match("@?(.*\\)")) .. "utility-functions.lua")
end)
if not success then
  print("\n\n" .. tostring(utility))
  error("\n\nThis script may be installed improperly. Follow instructions at:\n\thttps://github.com/TangentFoxy/.lua-files#installation\n")
end

local json = utility.require("json")

-- TODO utility.path_separator should be a thing
local path_separator
if utility.OS == "Windows" then
  path_separator = "\\"
else
  path_separator = "/"
end

local copyright_warning = "This ebook was created by an automated tool for personal use. It cannot be distributed or sold without permission of copyright holder(s). (If you did not make this ebook, you may be infringing.)\n\n"
local raw_config -- TODO file handling for configs should probably be in the argument parsing portion

-- also checks for errors
-- TODO make it check for required elements and error if any are missing!
local function get_config()
  -- TODO arg checking REALLY should not be here
  if not arg[1] then
    print(help)
    error("\nA config file name/path must be specified.")
  elseif arg[1] == "-h" or arg[1] == "--help" then
    error(help) -- I strongly dislike using an error to print a help message instead of gracefully exiting..
  end

  local file, err = io.open(arg[1], "r")
  if not file then error(err) end
  raw_config = file:read("*a") -- TODO file handling for configs should probably be in the argument parsing portion
  config = json.decode(raw_config)
  file:close()

  if not config.authors then
    config.authors = {} -- at least have an empty table so it doesn't error below TODO verify that this is actually true
  end

  if not config.keywords then
    config.keywords = {} -- TODO test if it will work empty
  end

  if config.author then -- old style single author will be prepended to authors list
    table.insert(config.authors, 1, config.author)
  end

  -- detecting manually specified sections and flagging it to the rest of the script
  if config.sections[1] then
    config.sections.start = 1
    config.sections.finish = #config.sections
    config.manually_specified_sections = true -- decided to make this part of the config spec, but it's set here again just in case
    config.base_url = "http://example.com/"   -- must be defined to prevent errors; it will be manipulated and ignored in this use case
  end

  if not config.sections.start then
    config.sections.start = 1 -- the first one can be optional since the common use case is ALL OF THEM
  end

  if #config.page_counts ~= config.sections.finish - config.sections.start + 1 then
    error("Number of page_counts does not match number of sections.")
  end

  if config.section_titles and #config.section_titles ~= config.sections.finish - config.sections.start + 1 then
    error("Number of section_titles does not match number of sections.")
  end

  return config
end

local function format_metadata(config)
  local function stringify_list(list)
    local output = "\"" .. utility.escape_quotes(list[1]) .. "\""
    for i = 2, #list do
      output = output .. ", \"" .. utility.escape_quotes(list[i]) .. "\""
    end
    return output
  end

  local keywords_string = stringify_list(config.keywords)
  local metadata = {
    "---",
    "title: \"" .. utility.escape_quotes(config.title) .. "\"",
    "author: [" .. stringify_list(config.authors) .. "]",
    "keywords: [" .. keywords_string .. "]",
    "tags: [" .. keywords_string .. "]",
    "---",
    "",
  }

  return table.concat(metadata, "\n") .. "\n"
end

local function download_pages(config)
  local htmlparser = utility.require("htmlparser")
  utility.required_program("curl")

  os.execute("mkdir Sections")
  for section = config.sections.start, config.sections.finish do
    local section_dir = "Sections" .. path_separator .. tostring(section) .. path_separator
    os.execute("mkdir " .. section_dir:sub(1, -2))

    local section_url
    if section == 1 and config.first_section_url then
      section_url = config.first_section_url
    else
      section_url = config.base_url .. string.format("%02i", section) -- leftpad 2 (This will eventually cause problems.)
    end

    if config.manually_specified_sections then
      section_url = config.sections[section]
    end

    for page = 1, config.page_counts[section - (config.sections.start - 1)] do
      local download_url
      if page == 1 then
        download_url = section_url
      else
        download_url = section_url .. "?page=" .. tostring(page)
      end

      local html_file_name = ".tmp." .. tostring(math.random()) .. ".html"
      os.execute("curl \"" ..download_url .. "\" > " .. html_file_name)

      local html_file, err = io.open(html_file_name, "r")
      if not html_file then error("Could not download \"" .. download_url .. "\"") end
      local raw_html = html_file:read("*a")
      html_file:close()
      os.execute("rm " .. html_file_name)

      local parser = htmlparser.parse(raw_html)
      local content_tag = parser:select(".article > div > div") -- TODO add ability to set selector in config!
      local text = content_tag[1]:getcontent()

      local page_file, err = io.open(section_dir .. page .. ".html", "w")
      if not page_file then error(err) end
      page_file:write(text .. "\n")
      page_file:close()

      os.execute("sleep " .. tostring(math.random(5))) -- avoid rate limiting
    end
  end
end

local function convert_pages(config)
  utility.required_program("pandoc")
  for section = config.sections.start, config.sections.finish do
    local section_dir = "Sections" .. path_separator .. tostring(section) .. path_separator

    for page = 1, config.page_counts[section - (config.sections.start - 1)] do
      local page_file_name_base = section_dir .. page
      os.execute("pandoc --from html --to markdown \"" .. page_file_name_base .. ".html\" -o \"" .. page_file_name_base .. ".md\"")
    end
  end
end

local function concatenate_pages(config)
  for section = config.sections.start, config.sections.finish do
    local section_dir = "Sections" .. path_separator .. tostring(section) .. path_separator
    local section_file, err = io.open("Sections" .. path_separator .. tostring(section) .. ".md", "w")
    if not section_file then error(err) end

    for page = 1, config.page_counts[section - (config.sections.start - 1)] do
      local page_file, err = io.open(section_dir .. page .. ".md", "r")
      if not page_file then error(err) end
      if config.sections.automatic_naming then
        local naming_patterns = {
          "^Prologue$",
          "^Chapter %d+$",
        }
        local line = page_file:read("*line")
        while line do
          for _, pattern in ipairs(naming_patterns) do
            if line:find(pattern) then
              line = "# " .. line
            end
          end
          section_file:write(line .. "\n")
          line = page_file:read("*line")
        end
      else
        section_file:write(page_file:read("*a"))
      end
      section_file:write("\n") -- guarantees no accidental line collisions
      page_file:close()
    end
  end
end

-- TODO define this earlier, use it to choose where files go (this will also require every command executed to have quotes wrapping it!)
local function get_base_file_name(config)
  -- TODO move make_safe_file_name to utility
  local function make_safe_file_name(file_name)
    file_name = file_name:gsub("[%\"%:%\\%!%@%#%$%%%^%*%=%{%}%|%;%<%>%?%/]", "") -- everything except the &
    file_name = file_name:gsub(" %&", ",")   -- replacing & with a comma works for 99% of things
    file_name = file_name:gsub("%&", ",")    -- replacing & with a comma works for 99% of things
    file_name = file_name:gsub("[%s+]", " ") -- more than one space in succession should be a single space
    return file_name
  end

  local base_file_name
  if config.title and config.authors[1] then
    -- first author in list gets top billing (this is problematic in anthologies unless an editor is the first entry)
    base_file_name = config.title .. " by " .. config.authors[1]
  elseif config.title then
    base_file_name = config.title
  else
    base_file_name = "Book"
  end

  return make_safe_file_name(config.base_file_name or base_file_name)
end

-- NOTE deprecated (order of operations had to be changed, see #25)
local function convert_sections(config)
  utility.required_program("pandoc")
  for section = config.sections.start, config.sections.finish do
    local section_file_name = "Sections" .. path_separator .. tostring(section)
    os.execute("pandoc --from html --to markdown \"" .. section_file_name .. ".html\" -o \"" .. section_file_name .. ".md\"")
  end
end

local function write_markdown_file(config)
  local markdown_file, err = io.open(get_base_file_name(config) .. ".md", "w")
  if not markdown_file then error(err) end
  markdown_file:write(format_metadata(config))
  markdown_file:write(copyright_warning)

  for section = config.sections.start, config.sections.finish do
    if config.sections.naming then
      markdown_file:write("\n\n# " .. config.sections.naming .. " " .. tostring(section))
    elseif config.section_titles then
      markdown_file:write("\n\n# " .. config.section_titles[section])
    end
    markdown_file:write("\n\n")

    local section_file_name = "Sections" .. path_separator .. tostring(section)
    local section_file, err = io.open(section_file_name .. ".md", "r")
    if not section_file then error(err) end
    markdown_file:write(section_file:read("*a"))
    section_file:close()
  end

  markdown_file:write("# Ebook Creation Metadata\n\n")
  markdown_file:write(copyright_warning)
  markdown_file:write("This ebook was created using the following config:\n\n")
  markdown_file:write("```json\n" .. raw_config .. "\n```\n")
  markdown_file:close()
end

local function make_epub(config)
  utility.required_program("pandoc")
  local base_file_name = get_base_file_name(config)
  os.execute("pandoc --from markdown --to epub \"" .. base_file_name .. ".md\" -o \"" .. base_file_name .. ".epub\" --toc=true")
end

local function rm_html_files(config)
  os.execute("sleep 1") -- attempt to fix #14

  for section = config.sections.start, config.sections.finish do
    local section_dir = "Sections" .. path_separator .. tostring(section)
    os.execute("rm " .. section_dir .. ".html")

    for page = 1, config.page_counts[section - (config.sections.start - 1)] do
      os.execute("rm " .. section_dir .. path_separator .. page .. ".html")
    end

    os.execute("rmdir " .. section_dir) -- NOTE this is no longer possible due to Markdown versions of each page existing
  end
end

local function rm_all(config)
  -- TODO use structure of rm_html_files because there's a Markdown file for every HTML file now..
  rm_html_files(config)

  for section = config.sections.start, config.sections.finish do
    local section_file_name = "Sections" .. path_separator .. tostring(section) .. ".md"
    os.execute("rm " .. section_file_name)
  end

  os.execute("rmdir Sections")
  os.execute("rm \"" .. get_base_file_name(config) .. ".md\"")
end

local execute = {
  download = download_pages,
  convert = convert_pages,
  concat = concatenate_pages,
  markdown = write_markdown_file,
  epub = make_epub,
  cleanhtml = rm_html_files,
  cleanall = rm_all,
}

local config = get_config()

local action = arg[2]
if action then
  if execute[action] then
    execute[action](config)
  else
    print(help)
  end
else
  print("\nDownloading pages...\n")
  download_pages(config)
  print("\nConverting pages...\n")
  convert_pages(config)
  print("\nConcatenating pages...\n")
  concatenate_pages(config)
  print("\nWriting Markdown file...\n")
  write_markdown_file(config)
  print("\nMaking ePub...\n")
  make_epub(config)
  -- print("\nRemoving HTML files...\n")
  -- rm_html_files(config)
  print("\nDone!\n")
end