lua-csv/README.md
Kevin Martin f28dfe0720 Added an openstring function, by wrapping the string in an object
that supports read(bytes) and passing the object to the underlying
code. Modified all the tests to run with both open and openstring.

Changed the default buffer size in csv.lua to match the value in the
README, and added the crucial blank line to test-data/blankline.csv
2014-05-18 18:52:16 +01:00

91 lines
3.0 KiB
Markdown

# Lua-CSV - delimited file reading
## 1. What?
Lua-CSV is a Lua module for reading delimited text files (popularly CSV and
tab-separated files, but you can specify the separator).
Lua-CSV tries to auto-detect whether a file is delimited with commas or tabs,
copes with non-native newlines, survives newlines and quotes inside quoted
fields and offers an iterator interface so it can handle large files.
## 2. How?
local csv = require("csv")
local f = csv.open("file.csv")
for fields in f:lines() do
for i, v in ipairs(fields) do print(i, v) end
end
`csv.open` takes a second argument `parameters`, a table of parameters
controlling how the file is read:
+ `separator` sets the separator. It'll probably guess the separator
correctly if it's a comma or a tab (unless, say, the first field in a
tab-delimited file contains a comma), but if you want something else you'll
have to set this. It could be more than one character, but it's used as
part of a set: `"["..sep.."\n\r]"`
+ Set `header` to true if the file contains a header and each set of fields
will be keyed by the names in the header rather than by integer index.
+ `columns` provides a mechanism for column remapping.
Suppose you have a csv file as follows:
Word,Number
ONE,10
And columns is:
+ `{ word = true }` then the only field in the file would be
`{ word = "ONE" }`
+ `{ first = { name = "word"} }` then it would be { first = "ONE" }
+ `{ word = { transform = string.lower }}` would give { word = "one" }
+
{ word = true
number = { transform = function(x) return tonumber(x) / 10 end }}
would give `{ word = "ONE", number = 1 }`
A column can have more than one name:
`{ first = { names = {"word", "worm"}}}` to help cope with badly specified
file formats and spelling mistakes.
+ `buffer_size` controls the size of the blocks the file is read in. The
default is 4096, which is what `pagesize` says on my system.
`csv.openstring` works exactly like `csv.open` except the first argument
is the contents of the csv file. In this case `buffer_size` is set to
the length of the string.
## 3. Requirements
Lua 5.1, 5.2 or LuaJIT.
## 4. Issues
+ Some whitespace-delimited files might use more than one space between
fields, for example if the columns are "manually" aligned:
street nr city
"Oneway Street" 1 Toontown
It won't cope with this - you'll get lots of extra empty fields.
## 5. Wishlist
+ Tests would be nice.
+ So would better LDoc documentation.
## 6. Alternatives
+ [Penlight](http://github.com/stevedonovan/penlight) contains delimited
file reading. It reads the whole file in one go.
+ The Lua Wiki contains two pages on CSV
[here](http://lua-users.org/wiki/LuaCsv) and
[here](http://lua-users.org/wiki/CsvUtils).
+ There's an example using [LPeg](http://www.inf.puc-rio.br/~roberto/lpeg/)
to parse CSV [here](http://www.inf.puc-rio.br/~roberto/lpeg/#CSV)